Healthcare reports on brain tumors state that brain tumor arises due to an abnormal development or growth of cells that have multiplied in an uncontrolled manner, rooting from the brain cells. The tumors are classified based on how aggressive they are – wherein lower-grade tumors often are benign while higher-grade tumors are malignant in nature.
When cells grow old or get damaged, they either undergo a programmed cell death (apoptosis) or get repaired naturally within the human body. However, during this process, mutations and alterations can occur in the cellular DNA that disrupt these regulatory processes and consequently cells that would have normally died, go on to survive and proliferate. These cells multiply and give rise to more cells, all of which contain the abnormal DNA. Eventually, these accumulating cells form a mass called a growth or tumor.
Types of brain tumor
Brain tumors are considered highly dangerous and may be primary tumors, in which case they originate in the brain, or secondary tumors that have spread to the brain from cancerous cells elsewhere in the body. Low grade tumors (grade 1 or 2) are usually slow growing multitudes that are not likely to spread. These tumors are classed as benign and are not considered a major threat, since they usually stay confined to the site of origin and do not invade other parts of the body.
Unlike benign tumors, malignant brain cancers have a high probability to spread to other tissues. Since malignant tumors usually are secondary tumors that have formed as a result of the spreading of cancerous cells they tend to be high-grade (grade 3 or 4), destructive cancers that grow quickly. These tumors require urgent treatment in order to protect the brain as well as the spinal cord.
Treatment
The treatment procedure for a brain tumor depends on its size and location. Although benign tumors do not tend to spread, they can cause considerable damage by creating pressure on other areas of the brain if they are not treated in the early stages. Grade 1 tumors can often be removed in a surgical procedure, however, grade 2 tumors often grow back and have the potential to mutate and turn into high-grade tumors.
A primary malignant tumor requires urgent treatment to prevent it from spreading and causing damage to other parts of the brain and body. Treatment may involve surgery, radiation, therapy and chemotherapy. However, since these tumors often grow back once they have been surgically removed, for patients with secondary brain tumors due to metastasized cancer, treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms, protracting survival and improving quality of life.
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